• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention aims to provide a lighting device for an AC voltage supply that is distinguished by a homogeneous light emission. It proposes for this purpose a lighting device, with a rectifier module for supplying a rectified supply voltage, with a plurality of diode string sections (7), with at least one LED (8) in each of said sections and the sections (7) connected in series, with an activatable branch member (13) for short-circuiting the associated section (7), the branch member (13) being switched on the basis of the rectified supply voltage, the section (7) being in a lit state when the member (13) is deactivated and vice versa, and with a current source module (9) for stabilizing at a THEORETICAL value the chain current IK passing through the chain of diodes, at least one of the sections (7) having a controller (14) for detecting the on state of said section (7) and for reducing the THEORETICAL value of the IK chain current when the on state of said section ( 7) is detected.
    公开号:FR3022099A1
    申请号:FR1555079
    申请日:2015-06-04
    公开日:2015-12-11
    发明作者:Trong Tran
    申请人:Diehl Aerospace GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The invention relates to a lighting device for an AC voltage supply, with a rectifier module, knowing that the rectifier module transforms an AC voltage of the AC voltage supply into a rectified supply voltage, with a diode chain, wherein the diode chain has a plurality of diode string sections, wherein at least one LED (Light Emitting Diode) is disposed in each of the diode string sections and knowing that the diodes are connected in series in the diode chain, knowing that the diode string sections each have an actuatable bypass member for shorting the associated diode string section, knowing that the tap member is switched on the base of the voltage level of the rectified supply voltage, knowing that the diode chain section is in a lit state when the organ Bypass is disabled and in an off state when the bypass is energized, and with a current source module to stabilize the string current through the diode string to a THEORETICAL value. The invention further relates to an aircraft equipped with this lighting device. In aircraft, for reasons of energy efficiency and lightness of construction, LEDs are used more as lighting means instead of incandescent bulbs hitherto customary. However, voltage supplies in aircraft are usually AC voltage supplies, so network voltages must first be conditioned for the use of LEDs. Since the LEDs have a narrow working window for the operating voltage, the power supplies for the LEDs must be designed so that the LEDs are permanently operated at the working point despite the AC voltage as the mains voltage and therefore the variations in the voltage level. This is for example obtained by rectifying the AC voltage and using the resulting pulsed DC voltage to power the LEDs. A switch strategy is applied here, knowing that LEDs of a row of LEDs are turned on or off depending on the voltage level currently available. By doing this, a large number of one-row LEDs is always on, so that the existing voltage is used advantageously or even optimally. Document DE 10 2012 000 605 A1, which constitutes the closest state of the art, presents a lighting device of this type.
    [0002] The present invention aims to provide a lighting device for an AC voltage supply that is distinguished by a homogeneous light emission. This object is achieved by a lighting device of the type mentioned in the introduction which is characterized in that at least one of the diode string sections has a control member for detecting the on state of the diode string section. and to reduce the THEORETICAL value of the string current when the lit state of the diode string section is detected. The object of the invention is also achieved by an aircraft equipped with this lighting device, which is characterized in that the lighting device is arranged to illuminate a passenger compartment of the aircraft. The invention thus discloses an LED lighting device which is suitable and / or which is designed for an AC voltage supply. The AC voltage supply is in particular a alternating and / or sinusoidal alternating voltage supply. The lighting device is particularly designed for an AC voltage supply of an aircraft. Such an AC voltage supply has an effective voltage of between 100 and 200 volts, in particular an effective voltage of 115 volts, and a frequency of between 200 and 600 hertz, in particular of 400 hertz. AC voltage supplies in aircraft are designed with large variations in their characteristic values, namely the effective voltage and the frequency. However, a fundamental objective is to provide uniform illumination in the aircraft, despite variations in the AC voltage supply. The LED lighting device has a rectifier module, knowing that the rectifier module converts an AC voltage from the AC voltage supply into a rectified supply voltage. The rectifier module may comprise, for example, for rectification a half-wave rectifier or a bridge rectifier. In particular, the AC voltage is transformed into a pulsating DC voltage. In a possible configuration of the invention, the lighting device comprises a bridge rectifier for rectifying the voltage of the AC voltage source, knowing that the supply voltage for the LED lighting device which is Here formed is conceived as reversed reverse voltage. The LED lighting device comprises at least one diode chain, wherein the diode chain has a plurality of diode string sections. At least one LED is disposed in each of the diode string sections. In a particularly preferred manner, a plurality of LEDs are arranged in each of the diode string sections, in particular being connected in series with each other. It is in principle also possible for several LEDs to be connected in parallel with each other within the diode string sections. The diode string sections are serially connected to each other in the diode chain. Some or all of the diode string sections respectively have a bypass member, wherein an input to the tap member is electrically contacted prior to the diode string section and an output of the tap member after the diode chain section. In particular, the LEDs of the diode chain section are short-circuited by the bypass member. The branching member or branching members are switched on the basis of the voltage level of the rectified supply voltage. When the branch member is deactivated and therefore the bypass is prohibited, the associated diode chain section is in a lit state. In the case where the branch member is activated and forms a bypass with respect to the diode string section, the diode section is in an off state. In particular, the slaving or switching of the shunt devices is carried out in such a way that, always in adaptation to the current level of voltage of the supply voltage, a corresponding number of diode chain sections of the diode chain is in the on state, so that the voltage level can be used in an advantageous or even optimal manner. The control of the bypass members can be effected for example by means of a digital processing unit, which uses as input variable the current level of voltage of the supply voltage and which activates or deactivates the bypass devices. function of the input quantity. In a particularly preferred manner, however, the bypass members are slaved and / or switched analogically. It is particularly preferred that the bypass members respectively have a bypass control member which uses as an input variable for the control and / or switching of the branch member the voltage locally applied to the chain section. diodes, and which therefore switches the bypass members on the basis of the rectified supply voltage. The LED lighting device further has a current source module for stabilizing, in particular for setting, at a THEORETICAL value, the chain current flowing through the diode chain. The current source module is in particular embodied in the form of a regulated current source module, knowing that the chain current or a quantity equivalent to the latter is measured as REAL magnitude and compared to a THEORETICAL value, and that the chain current is stabilized, in particular regulated, as a function of the difference between the REAL magnitude and the THEOREAL value.
    [0003] In the context of the invention, it is proposed that at least one of the diode string sections, or even all the diode string sections, have or respectively have a control member. The controller is operatively adapted to detect the on state of the diode string section relative to the off state of the diode string section, and to reduce the THEORETICAL value for the string current when the state of the associated diode chain section is detected. In this way, upon an increase in the voltage level of the rectified supply voltage, one or more of the diode string sections first goes from the off state to the on state. If the chain current remains constant, this modification would result in an increase in the brightness of the diode chain. In order to avoid or at least limit the resulting variation in brightness, it is proposed that the theoretical value of the chain current is reduced as soon as an additional diode chain section is transferred from the off state to the on state. If the power available for the LEDs is basically considered as P = U * I, then an increase in the rectified supply voltage causes an increase in the power P. The lighting device therefore becomes brighter. To keep the brightness of the lighting device constant, however, the current I - and thus the chain current - must be reduced. This is done by the controller, which decreases the THEORETICAL value of the chain current. The invention thus makes it possible to maintain the luminosity of the LED lighting device more uniform over time. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the control member is arranged, in terms of mounting, so that it takes a service voltage, in particular a partial service voltage, from the operating section. associated diode chain to detect the on state of the associated diode chain section. The detection is thus carried out by means of the control of the presence of a service voltage, and therefore in an electrical / electronic manner and not by means of optical detection equipment. This implementation has the advantage that this detection method operates reliably even over long operating periods, and is not sensitive to fouling compared to optical detection methods. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the operating voltage is designed as the LED voltage passing through at least one LED of the associated diode string section. The control member thus picks up, to detect the on state, the operating voltage applied to at least one LED. If the diode chain section is in the off state, then the operating voltage is zero. If, on the other hand, the diode chain section is in the on state, then the operating voltage applied to the LED decreases, and the controller can conclude in the on state by means of the selected operating voltage. In a particularly preferred manner, the controller has a switching member for transforming the detected on state into a switching signal to reduce the THEORETICAL value. The information of the state of the diode chain section is thus transformed into a switching signal which in particular has two discrete switching states (on / off), in order to facilitate the further processing of the signal with a view to the modification. THEORETICAL value. In a particularly preferred manner, the switching element is designed as an optocoupler for detecting the operating voltage and transforming it into a switching signal. The optocoupler is connected at its transmitter side to the operating voltage, so that it becomes active when a sufficiently high operating voltage is present. The emitter side is in particular embodied in the form of a light-emitting diode. Insofar as the applied operating voltage is greater than the light-emitting diode voltage of the emitter-side of the optocoupler, the light-emitting diode of the optocoupler is illuminated. On the receiving side of the optocoupler, a phototransistor in particular alternately receives the ignition or the absence of ignition of the light-emitting diode of the optocoupler, thus forming the switching signal. The optocoupler is usually embedded by pouring, so that despite optical signal transmission, fouling problems can not be expected. Another advantage of the optocoupler is that it produces a galvanic disconnection between the control member and the diode string section. It is preferably provided that the THEORETICAL value is predefined on the basis of a THEORETICAL voltage value, in particular for the current source module, knowing that the switching member 15 reduces the voltage value by the switching signal. THEORETICAL. According to a possible configuration in terms of mounting, the THEORETICAL voltage value is formed by sampling from a voltage divider to which a constant reference voltage value is applied. By means of the switching member, an additional resistor is connected in parallel with one of the sections of the voltage divider, so that the THEORETICAL voltage value and therefore the THEORETICAL value are reduced. If several of the diode string sections had to have such a control member, then one additional complement for each of the control elements can be added in parallel with the voltage divider section and / or in parallel with the voltage divider sections. other additional resistors, so that the THEORETICAL voltage value can also be reduced several times or in steps. According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the current source module has a comparator and a switching element, knowing that the comparator compares the theoretical voltage value with an equivalent value for the chain current and slaves the element. switching according to the result of the comparison. The equivalent value may for example be designed as a voltage taken through a resistor. If the equivalent value for the chain current is less than the voltage value THEORETICAL, then the switching element is closed; if the equivalent value is greater than the voltage value THEORETICAL, the switching element is open. In particular, the switching element is arranged in such a way that it can interrupt the entire diode chain. The switching element may in particular be arranged before the diode chain, after the diode chain or in the diode chain. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the comparator is in the form of an operational amplifier and the switching element in the form of a transistor, in particular of a switching transistor, knowing that the voltage value THEORETICAL and the equivalent value are applied to the inputs of the operational amplifier and the output of the operational amplifier is coupled to the base of the transistor. Overall, it is preferred that the control member and / or the bypass member are respectively respectively made in the form of analog mounts. Such analog mounts are particularly economical because the various electronic components are very cheap. In addition, analog mounts can be designed more robust than digital mounts. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bypass members respectively have a transistor. In a possible implementation of the invention in terms of mounting, the bypass member comprises respectively a transistor, in particular a metal oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), knowing that the bypass passes through the source and the drain of the transistor, and that an auxiliary voltage which defines a limit voltage is applied to the control electrode (gate) of the transistor. It is also possible to use a bipolar transistor or another switch instead of the MOSFET. The design in terms of mounting ensures that the function of activating and deactivating the bypass branch is implemented in a safe, reliable and economical manner. The branch member is especially designed in the manner described in DE 10 2012 000 605 A1, the content of which is thus quoted in the present disclosure. It is particularly preferred that the rectified supply voltage is embodied as an inverted alternating voltage and / or as a pulsed supply voltage. In particular, the rectified supply voltage is in the form of a series of half-waves, in particular of sinusoidal halfwaves. During a half-wave, the diode string sections are turned on or off by means of the shunt devices based on variations in the voltage level of the supply voltage, so that the number of LEDs in the on state varies greatly on the half wave. Under these conditions, the adjustment of the THEORETICAL value for the chain current can obtain a particularly powerful effect of homogenizing the brightness of the diode chain over time. The invention also relates to an aircraft equipped with the lighting device as described above. The LED lighting device is particularly designed to be arranged in a passenger compartment to illuminate the passenger seats and / or the entire cabin. The LED lighting device has in particular a plurality of diode chains.
    [0004] Other features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention and the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a device of FIG. lighting in an aircraft, as a first embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a diode chain section of the illumination device of Fig. 1 with a controller and the current source module. Figure 1 is a highly schematic representation of a lighting device 1 in an aircraft 2, as an embodiment of the invention. The lighting device 1 is designed for connection to an AC voltage supply of a supply network 3 of the aircraft 2. The supply network 3 provides an AC voltage with an effective voltage of 115 volts and a frequency of 400 Hertz. Both the effective voltage and the frequency can vary, the effective voltage can thus vary between 90 and 130 V, and / or the frequency between 300 Hz and 500 Hz. The lighting device 1 has an AC voltage input 4 by the intermediate of which the power network 3 is connected. Starting from the AC voltage input 4, there is provided a rectifier module 5 which converts the AC voltage into a rectified supply voltage. The rectified supply voltage is in particular a pulsed DC voltage. The rectifier module 5 has in particular a half-wave or full-wave rectifier, so that the rectified supply voltage is in the form of a series of half-wave sine waves with twice the frequency of the grating. 3. The lighting device 1 comprises a diode chain 6 which has a plurality - three in the present example - of diode string sections 7. The diode string sections 7 are respectively connected in series with each other, knowing that the lines of lines suggest that other sections of diode chain 7 can also be provided. LEDs 8 are respectively disposed in the diode string sections 7; they are connected in series between a section input E and an output of section A. It is also possible to use, instead of an individual LED 8, a plurality of LEDs connected in parallel. The LEDs 8 of the various diode chain sections 7 are, in the aircraft 2, in particular in a passenger compartment of the aircraft, arranged in such a way that they can illuminate a passenger seat or the entire passenger compartment. from the plane. LEDs can be in the form of white LEDs, colored LEDs or organic LEDs. In the present example, a current source module 9 is disposed at the end of the diode chain 6; its function is to stabilize the chain current IK passing through the chain of diodes 6 and to adjust it to a theoretical value which is predetermined by a voltage value THEORETICAL Vref. The current source module 9 has a comparator 10 in the form of an operational amplifier, knowing that one of the inputs of the comparator 10 is occupied by the voltage value THEORETICAL Vref and the other input by a feedback from the string of diodes 6 before a terminal resistor 11, knowing that the reinjected voltage value constitutes an equivalent value of the chain current IK. The output of the comparator 10, in particular the output of the operational amplifier, is coupled in signal material to a switching element 12, knowing that the switching element 12 is in the form of a transistor and that the output comparator 10 is applied to the base of the transistor, knowing that the switching element 12 passes the current if the equivalent value is greater than the voltage value THEORETICAL Vref, and interrupts the chain of diodes 6 in the opposite case. The current source module 9 thus performs a stabilization of the chain current IK at the theoretical value predetermined by the voltage value THEORETICAL Vref. A bypass member 13, which completely bypasses all the LEDs 8 of the respective diode string sections 7, is disposed in each of the diode string sections 7. The bypass member 13 bypasses in particular the section of diode chain 7 between the section input E and the section output A. In addition, a capacitor C is arranged in parallel with the LEDs 8 and / or with the shunt member 13. The branch member 13 is adapted to short-circuit the LEDs 8 if the applied voltage is low or absent, and to deactivate the branching member 13 if a limit value defined by the assembly is exceeded, and to pass the chain section of LEDs 7 state turned off in the on state. These states are so called because, as long as the branching member 13 is activated as a short-circuiting, the chain current IK flows through the branch member 13, so that the LEDs 8 do not receive no power and remain off. As soon as the branching member 13 is deactivated and thus the shorting is deactivated, the chain current IK flows through the LEDs so that they are switched on. The branching members 13 respectively comprise a transistor 22, in particular a MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor), knowing that its output (drain) is connected to the input section E and its source at the output A. An auxiliary voltage Vaux is applied through a resistance to the control electrode of the transistor 22. The control electrode of the transistor is coupled via a second resistor at the source of the transistor. transistor 22. A respective diode is disposed between the first resistor and the control electrode, and in parallel with the second resistor. By serially mounting the diode chain sections 7, it is obtained that with the increase of the supply voltage, the branch members 13 of the successive diode chain sections are deactivated successively and as a function of the voltage d power supply, so that the diode chain sections 7 are successively transferred from the off state to the on state. When the supply voltage drops below a maximum of the half-wave of the supply voltage, the diode chain sections 7 are again deactivated in the reverse order.
    [0005] By the successive deactivation of the bypass members 13 and thus the successive activation of the LEDs 8 in the diode chain 6 as a function of the supply voltage, it is obtained that the voltage drop at the level of the source module Current 9 is minimal and the LED lighting device is in an operating state with little loss. But since, for the same intensity of current, the brightness of the diode chain 6 varies proportionally to the number of LEDs 8 in the on state, it is possible to obtain a homogenization of the brightness of the diode chain 6 by an adjustment of the THEORETICAL value of the chain current IK, as will be explained in connection with FIG. 2: FIG. 2 represents one of the diode chain sections 7 of FIG. 1, the latter being completed by a control member 14.
    [0006] The control member 14 is designed, in terms of mounting, to adjust the THEORETICAL value for the current source module 9. As an input variable, the control member 14 takes the operating voltage passing through an LED 8 of the associated diode chain section 7. This operating voltage is supplied to an optocoupler 15, which is designed as a switching element. A light-emitting diode 16 is disposed in the optocoupler 15; it is activated by the sampling of the operating voltage, and if necessary by means of the adjustment of a resistor 17 mounted upstream, if the LED 8 in the diode chain section 7 is also activated. The optocoupler 15 furthermore has a phototransistor 17 which is closed when the light-emitting diode 16 of the optocoupler 15 is on. FIG. 2 makes it possible to distinguish again the structure of the current source module 9, knowing that it can be seen that the theoretical voltage value Vref is generated by a voltage divider 19. The voltage divider 19 has a first and a second voltage. second resistors 20a, b and is supplied with an auxiliary voltage Vaux. The sampling of the voltage value THEORETICAL Vref is carried out between the resistors 20a, b. By the phototransistor 18, an additional resistor 21 is in parallel with the second resistor 20b, so that the total resistance of the resistors 20b and 21 is reduced with respect to the individual resistance of the resistor 20b. In this way, the THEORETICAL voltage value Vref which is supplied to the current source module 9 and in particular to the comparator 10 is also reduced. By reducing the theoretical voltage value Vref in response to the transfer of a diode chain section 7 from an off state to an on state, the theoretical value for the IK chain current is thereby reduced. so that, despite the increase in the number of illuminated LEDs 8, the brightness of the diode chain 6 is maintained either constant or at least uniform. It can be provided that each of the diode chain sections 7 has such a control member 14. The additional resistors 21 can be respectively adjusted to obtain a homogeneous brightness of the diode chain 6. But it is also possible to accepting over time a certain lack of homogeneity, so for example that the THEORETICAL value is corrected only if the last 30% of the LEDs 8 or the diode chain sections 7 are activated, in order to obtain on average a more homogeneous lighting. The elements, components, objects and indications which follow form part of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 by way of example: lighting device 2:. plane 15 3 power supply 4 alternative voltage input:. rectifier module 6:. chain of diodes 7:. section of diode chain 20 8:. LED 9:. comparator current source module 11 output resistor 12 switching element 25 13 branching element 14 control element:. optocoupler 16:. light-emitting diode 17: resistance 18: phototransistor 19:. voltage divider:. resistance 21:. additional resistance 22:. transistor 35 E: section input A section output C capacitor - 13 - IK channel current Vref: voltage value THEORETICAL Vaux: auxiliary voltage Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and represented in the accompanying drawings. Modifications are possible, particularly from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Lighting device (1) for an alternating voltage supply (3), with a rectifier module (5), wherein the rectifier module (5) transforms an alternating voltage of the AC voltage supply (3) into a voltage rectified power supply, with a diode chain (6), wherein the diode chain (6) has a plurality of diode string sections (7), provided that at least one LED (8) is disposed in each diode string sections (7) and knowing that the diode string sections (7) are connected in series in the diode string (6), wherein the diode string sections (7) respectively have a diode member (7). activatable branch (13) for shorting the associated diode chain section (7), knowing that the branching member (13) is switched on the basis of the voltage level of the rectified supply voltage, knowing that the section of diode chain (7) is in a lit state when the shunt member (13) is deactivated and in an off state when the shunt member (13) is activated, with a current source module (9) for stabilizing the chain current (IK) at a theoretical value passing through the diode chain (6), characterized in that at least one of the diode string sections (7) has a controller (14) for detecting the on state of the diode string section (7). ) and to reduce the THEORETICAL value of the chain current (IK) when the lit state of the diode string section (7) is detected.
    [0002]
    2. Lighting device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the control member (14) takes a service voltage of the associated diode chain section (7) to detect the on state of the associated diode chain section (7).
    [0003]
    Illumination device (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the operating voltage is designed as the LED voltage passing through at least one LED (8) of the associated diode chain section (7). .-15-
    [0004]
    4. Lighting device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control member (14) has a switching member (15) for transforming the detected on state into a switching signal. to reduce the THEORETICAL value.
    [0005]
    5. Lighting device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the switching element is designed as an optocoupler (15) for detecting the operating voltage and transforming it into a switching signal.
    [0006]
    6. Lighting device (1) according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the THEORETICAL value is predefined on the basis of a voltage value THEORETICAL, knowing that the switching member (15) reduced by the switching signal the THEORETICAL voltage value.
    [0007]
    Lighting device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the THEORETICAL voltage value is produced by sampling from a voltage divider (19) to which a reference voltage value (Vaux) is applied, knowing that by means of the switching member (15), an additional resistor (21) is connected in parallel with one of the voltage divider sections (20b) to reduce the voltage value THEORETICAL.
    [0008]
    8. Lighting device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the current source module (9) has a comparator (10) and a switching element (12), knowing that the comparator (10) compares the THEORETICAL voltage value (Vref) with an equivalent value for the chain current (IK) and slaves the switching element (12).
    [0009]
    9. Lighting device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control member (14) and the bypass member (13) are in the form of analog assemblies 30.
    [0010]
    10. Lighting device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rectified supply voltage is formed as a pulsed supply voltage.
    [0011]
    11. Aircraft (2) with a lighting device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the lighting device (1) is arranged to illuminate a passenger cabin of the plane (2).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3022099B1|2019-08-09|
    CN105323906B|2018-04-10|
    DE102014008615B3|2015-10-01|
    CN105323906A|2016-02-10|
    US9387800B2|2016-07-12|
    US20150353004A1|2015-12-10|
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014008615.1A|DE102014008615B3|2014-06-07|2014-06-07|Lighting device with control device and use of the lighting device|
    DE102014008615.1|2014-06-07|
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